Crusher and pulverizer.



, F. L. BUCHANAN.

CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION IILE'D MAY 20, 1910.

Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

3 BHBETS-SHEBT 1.

F. L. BUCHANAN.

CRUSHER AND PULVBRIZER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1910.

I \1, 035,, 31' 3. I Patentqd Aug. 13, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lg z'inesaasi' P. L. BUCHANAN.

GRUSHER AND PULVERIZER.

ED STATE? PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK L. BUCHANAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES F. JOHNSON AND (LINE-HALF T0 GEORGE BRIDGES, BOTH OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

CRUSHER Ann runvnmznn.

Specification of Letters iatent.

Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F RANK LJBUOHANAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Crushers and Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for crushing and pulverizin ores, stone, shale, fire-clay and other simi ar materials.

It has for its princi 211 objects to secure a perfect crushing an pulverizing action, to obviate the necessity of crushing the material preparatory to feeding it to the machine, and to attain certain other advantages hereinafter more fully appearing.

The invention consists in the parts and in the arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawin s which form part of this specification and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 is a vertical section through a crusher and pulverizer embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through a modified construction and arrangement of crusher and pulverizer according to my invention; Fig. 3 is a detail view of a grate bar; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are detail views of the secondary breaker plates for the machine illustrated in Fig. 2; and Figs.

- 7 and 8 are detail views of the two forms fitted loosely around the bolts'7. By

vided with screw-threaded holes in which bolts 7 are fitted. The inner end ortions of the bolts 7 are provided with eads 8 nd the same are slidably fitted in counterfiored holes 9 in the breaker plate 4. Fixdly secured on the middle portion of these bolts 7 are collars 10; and between the collars and the outer faceof the breaker plate, are interposed coiled springs 11 which :lilre t is arrangement, the springs 11 yieldingly hold 'travel.

the breaker plate 4 against the stops rovlded by the heads 8 on the bolts 7. T us, the breaker plate is resiliently held in normal work ng position so as to yield should a piece of metal or exceedingly hard substance enter the machine and be struck by the hammer while it is on the breaker plate. On the outer ehds of the bolts 7 are secured hand wheels 12 so that the'bolts may be easily screwed in and out through the wall 6 to adjust the breaker plate with respect to the hammers. Any suitable number of the bolts 7 may be employed, but, preferably, four are provided; one near each of the four corners of the breaker plate.

Extending transversely of the machine is a shaft 13 on which circular disks or hammer supports 14 are secured; and extendin through the hammer supports are pivot rocs or bolts 15 on which the hammers 16 are mounted. The hammers 16 preferably comprise flat plates which are relatively thick, and the end portions 16". are curved on a radius from the center of the shaft 13. This curved portion 16 extends from the front'edge of the hammers nearly to the rear edge thereof and the rear corner is rounded off as at 16".

In the bottom of the machine is an arcuate grating or sifting cage comprising rectangular bars 17 which extend transversely across the casing. These bars are set on edge vertically on stepped seats 18 which are formed on the arcuate supporting ribs 19 on the inner faces of the housing 1. By this arrangement, the upper ed e portions of the bars 17 are in different p anes or stepped, the inner upper corners of the bars being arranged so that the ends of the hammers just clear them. These bars 17 are provided with transverse ribs 17" on one face at or near the ends thereof, for the purpose of s acing the bars apart, the depth of the ribs depending upon the degree of fineness to which it is desired to reduce the material. The upper edges of the middle bars are. nearly flush or in the same horizontal plane while the bars on each side thereof are successively raised to increasing heights so that their inner corners touch in a circular are adjacent to andiconcentric with the arc in which the ends of the rotating hammers By this arrangement, the trans verse steps thus provided by the bars afford seats or traps for pieces 0 material which while any larger parthave been broken on the initial and secondary breaker plates but not reduced to particles small enough to pass between the bars. So, too, the spaces between the bars being uniform thronghoutowing to the partllelrelatiori of the adjacent faces of the bars, the edge portions of the bars can wear away without changing the mesh of the cage. Extending across the inner side of the arcuate cover 2 are transverse breakers or abutments 20 whose bottom sides are nearly horizontal. These secondary breaker abutments are preferably .provided with dove-tail grooves in which counterpart renewable plates 21 are fitted; and the projecting corners of the plates lie in a circular are adjacent to the path of the ends of the hammers.

As shown in Fig. 2, the machine is provided with a supplemental hopper 22 which is provided with a cover plate 23 for the front portion of the hopper 3.' The opening of the supplemental. hopper 22 is at the rear of the hopper 3. In front of the opening is a depending lip 24 which prevents the loose material from flying out of the hopper 3. In this construction the face of the breaker plate 4 flat instead of cor rugated as shown in Fig. 1. Also, the bolts '7 are serew-threaded into the breaker plate and slide through the perforations in the wall of the pocket; and the collars 10 are dispensed with so that the springs 11 bear against the wall of the pocket. The grate bars 17 are arranged so that they are substantially parallel with the front wall. of the hopper 3 and breaker plate 4?. In this construct-i n, also, the free end portions of the hammers are wider than the shank portions. Breaker plates 20, 20 and 20 are substituted. for the breakers 20 shown in Big. I. The breaker plates 2O are straight while the breaker plate 20 is bent transversely throughout its length; and these breaker plates are bolted between the joints of the cover 2. The breaker plates 20 are right-angular in cross section and they are bolted to the inner sides of the cover members 2. "The several breaker plates are preferably made reversible so that when one edge wears away the plates ma y be removed and'replaced in reversed position.

In the operation of the machine, the material is fed through the hopper 3 and is ini- I tially crushed by the rotating hammers.

Ellie crushed material is then carried onto the cage and such particles that have been reduced to the proper degree of fineness will fall through the spa: bet een said bars, ha will be caught by the projecting corners of the bars and acted l i t the hammers ac curved ends 16* or reduce rue nnrtm'ial to the proper deri- Any large pi-lces. which n e'tl'ect of: pulverizing rollers nosed bars of rectangular section set.

there is less liability that the material will be driven back into the hopper and, also, material in the form known as the quarry run or mine run can be fed into the machine and there crushed and pulverized without first being reduced in size by being passed through preliminary crushers. There isalso less liability of choking the feed opening. Lugs 25 are provided on the faces of the hammer supports so as to support the hammers in radial position on the downside of the hammer supports with reference to the direction of rotation until said supports have been brought up to the proper speed to hold the hammers in radial position by centritfhgal force. This arrangcment serves to balance the hammer supports to a certain extent so that it re r *3 le s power in starting the same to is the case where the hammers all 111i 1. i hang downwardly when the supports are rest.

Obviously, the machine of sider'able modification without deparar from my invention, and, therefore, ll do so. wish to be limited to the specific construc tion and shown.

lVha-t I claim is:

1. A crusher and pulverizer comprising horizontally journaled rotary heater and concave below said heater in cotiperative re lation thereto, said concave comprising a series of horizontally disposed bars or" rectangular section, said bars being setsubstantially vertical on. end and spaced with their adjacent faces in parallel rela tion to each other throughout to constitute an open cage.

2. A grinding and sitting concave for.

:artially vertical on end and spaced at 1 with their adjacent faces in parallel reiaan open cage,

tion to each other throughout to constitute the upper end-portions of said bars touching a circular line whereby said bars presntste'pped working surfaces, the. steps increasing, in depth from the middle toward each end of said concave, and said bars being reversible, and means for supporting said bars so that each of their four corners may be presented in the workfng surface of the concave.

4. A grinding and pulverizing machine comprising a casing,'concave supports on opposite sides of the casing in the lower portion thereof, said supports comprising an arcuate series of stepped seats, and a series of bars of rectangular section and of the same size resting at their opposite ends on the respective seats of said concave support, said bars being set substantially vertical on end and spaced apart with their l adjacent faces in parallel relation to each other throughout to constitute an open cage, and said series of stepped seats being arranged so that the inner portions of said -'bars touch a circular line so as to present a stepped working surface.

Signed at St. Louis, Missouri, this 17th da of May, 1910.

FRANK L. BUCHANAN. Witnesses G. A. PENNINGTON, J. B. Mnoowx.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

